Thriller · Drama

Fail Safe

Sidney Lumet, 1964

A computer fault sends a group of American nuclear bombers toward Moscow, and nobody can recall them. The President, his generals and the Soviet Premier try to stop a world war in one night. A tense lesson in how a few rooms and a phone line can feel like the end of the world.

Fail Safe (1964) poster

At a glance

Fail Safe is a 1964 thriller and drama film directed by Sidney Lumet. This breakdown covers 4 techniques (2 narrative, 1 sound and 1 editing), each with the scene where you can see it. If you like how it is made, Thelma & Louise uses several of the same techniques.

Narrative

Ticking Clock Structure

Building the story around a clear deadline the hero must beat. The time pressure and the obstacles grow with each scene until the climax.

How this film uses it

The bombers are already in the air, and the film counts down their approach to Moscow. Recall orders fail, interceptors run out of fuel, and each failed attempt tightens the clock.

Where to see it

Group 6 launches: A computer fault sends valid-looking attack orders to a bomber flight. Colonel Grady obeys and flies toward Moscow while attempts to recall him fail.

Sound

Absent Musical Score

Leaving out background music almost entirely, even in scenes that would normally have it. Wind, footsteps and a creaking door have to create the mood and emotion.

How this film uses it

A score was written but not used, and the finished film plays with no music. You hear only voices, phones and machines, which keeps the film cold and procedural.

Where to see it

The call to Moscow: The President opens communication with the Soviet Premier, and with US help the Soviets harmlessly trigger the bombers' defense missiles.

Narrative

Escalating Moral Stakes

Raising the ethical price of winning with each part of the story. Every compromise the characters make leads to a worse one, until they can't go back.

How this film uses it

Each step to avoid war costs more than the last. The President ends up offering New York in exchange for the damage done to Moscow, and every compromise leads to a worse one.

Where to see it

The President's offer: Citing the Bible, the President proposes an eye for an eye to the Soviet Premier by sacrificing New York City to prevent a retaliatory attack.

Editing

Freeze Frame Punctuation

Stopping the picture on a single still frame for a moment. It works like punctuation to introduce a character, underline a joke or mark a turning point.

How this film uses it

The last images show New Yorkers going about their day, as a run of frozen pictures before the detonation. The stillness turns ordinary people into the film's final argument.

Where to see it

The final minutes: Glimpses of New Yorkers in everyday life appear just before the atomic bomb detonates and incinerates the city.

Questions

Fail Safe: quick answers

What filmmaking techniques does Fail Safe use?
CineCode breaks down 4 techniques in Fail Safe (1964): Ticking Clock Structure, Absent Musical Score, Escalating Moral Stakes and Freeze Frame Punctuation.
Who directed Fail Safe?
Sidney Lumet directed Fail Safe, released in 1964. CineCode also covers 12 Angry Men (1957), Serpico (1973), Murder on the Orient Express (1974), Dog Day Afternoon (1975), Network (1976), The Verdict (1982).
What films are similar to Fail Safe?
Films that share techniques with Fail Safe include Thelma & Louise (1991), The Dark Knight (2008), Goodfellas (1990), Back to the Future (1985).