Science Fiction · Thriller · Drama

Gravity

Alfonso Cuarón, 2013

A medical engineer is on her first spacewalk when debris destroys her shuttle and leaves her stranded in orbit. She has to survive alone with minimal equipment and the will to get back to Earth. Alfonso Cuarón's film is a survival story about the desire to live, made with technology nobody had used this way before.

Gravity (2013) poster

At a glance

Gravity is a 2013 science fiction, thriller and drama film directed by Alfonso Cuarón. This breakdown covers 4 techniques (2 cinematography, 1 narrative and 1 sound), each with the scene where you can see it. If you like how it is made, Sicario uses several of the same techniques.

Cinematography

Steadicam

Mounting the camera on a stabilizing rig worn by the operator so it can glide smoothly through a space. It moves as freely as handheld but without the shake.

How this film uses it

The film opens with a 13-minute unbroken shot. It shows you all of orbital space as one continuous place. The camera drifts between characters and through the shuttle, and it floats with the same weightlessness it is showing you.

Where to see it

The opening shot. It begins with Earth seen from a distance, drifts to the shuttle, passes through the crew and then watches the debris strike. The whole premise of the film is in that single take.

Narrative

Single POV Restriction

Limiting the film to what one character can see and know. The camera never goes where they couldn't be, so you share their blind spots and their vulnerability.

How this film uses it

After Kowalski disappears, the film stays almost entirely with Ryan Stone's point of view and the resources she has. You know exactly what she knows and no more. Each problem feels as impossible to you as it does to her.

Where to see it

Stone alone in the Soyuz capsule, calculating her oxygen supply. The camera stays close on her face and the math is visible, so you do the arithmetic alongside her.

Sound

Immersive Combat Sound Design

Mixing battle sound the way a soldier would hear it, with chaotic, physical noise coming from every direction. Nothing is tidied up for your comfort, so you feel inside the fight.

How this film uses it

Space is a vacuum, and Cuarón and sound designer Glenn Freemantle build the film's sound around that. Impacts outside are silent, while sounds from inside are turned up. The result feels claustrophobic and vast at once.

Where to see it

The debris strike. What you see is a catastrophe, but in space it is silent. Missing the sound you expect makes the destruction more terrifying.

Cinematography

Human Figure in Vast Landscape

Framing people as tiny specks in an enormous wide shot. The size gap shows how little one person's will counts against the forces of nature, geography or history.

How this film uses it

Emmanuel Lubezki's photography keeps framing Stone as a tiny figure against the endless black of space or the curve of Earth. At that scale, you can see the universe doesn't care whether she lives. Her survival comes across as an act of defiance.

Where to see it

Stone tumbling away from the shuttle after the debris strike. She is one figure in a white suit against all of space, with the Earth a blue curve below. The scale is fairly dizzying.

Questions

Gravity: quick answers

What filmmaking techniques does Gravity use?
CineCode breaks down 4 techniques in Gravity (2013): Steadicam, Single POV Restriction, Immersive Combat Sound Design and Human Figure in Vast Landscape.
Who directed Gravity?
Alfonso Cuarón directed Gravity, released in 2013. CineCode also covers A Little Princess (1995), Great Expectations (1998), Y Tu Mamá También (2001), Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004), Children of Men (2006), Roma (2018).
What films are similar to Gravity?
Films that share techniques with Gravity include Sicario (2015), The Shining (1980), Saving Private Ryan (1998), Rear Window (1954).